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αT, Coefficient of thermal expansion is in the unit of × 10-6/in./in./°F. For design, 6×10-6/in./in./°F is frequently used for normal weight concrete. Because the thermal coefficient for steel is approximately 6× 10-6 in./in./°F, the addition of steel reinforcement does not significantly affect the concrete coefficient.
Soil Loads
Header | Description |
|---|---|
External Grade | External ground level measured from the bottom of the panel, i.e., the point at which the surcharge load is applied vertically. |
External Surcharge | Surcharge loading applied to the exterior face. This value is converted to a horizontal load by use of the lateral pressure coefficient input on the Design Criteria page, and will only be included in the analysis if the external grade is greater than zero. |
Internal Grade | Internal ground level measured from the bottom of the panel, i.e., the elevation at which the surcharge load is applied vertically. |
Internal Surcharge | Surcharge loading applied to the interior face. This value is converted to a horizontal load by use of the lateral pressure coefficient input on the Design Criteria page, and will only be included in the analysis if the internal FF is greater than zero. |
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