...

Eriksson Wall also asks for the thermal elasticity multiplier. These values come from the PCI Design Handbook Design Aid 5.16.2 and are given as 0.75 for daily temperature change and 0.5 for season temperature change. Note that reducing the elastic modulus does not change the amount of thermal bow on the panel, but reduces the amount of energy required to resist the thermal bowing.

Seasonal

...

Effects

It has been observed that for certain panels the thermal gradient can reduce the demand at a given location. For example, for a building that is hotter on the exterior of the building, the moment diagram is the same shape as the suction wind case. For this case, when checking the pressure case it is often conservative to ignore thermal. Because of this, the engineer may want to consider both the winter and summer thermal gradients when determining the controlling case.